Managing E.Coli
Whilst strains of E. coli bacteria are potentially harmful to humans, E. coli is routinely used to indicate the presence of other harmful viruses and pathogens that can occur with high levels of bacteria.
An effective approach to preventing stream pollution with E.coli is to fence and plant stream margins.
Fencing the streamside will keep the livestock from depositing faeces directly in the river and also reduce stream bank erosion and stream bed compaction from livestock trampling.
Leaving the grass on riverbanks long, and planting the riparian margins within the fence lines will assist stabilizing the bank from erosion and reduce direct surface runoff and bacteria entering the stream.
Other E.coli management approaches include small wetland filter systems at those low points where runoff will enter the river or streams, and planting of ephemeral streams which don’t hold water all year, but will run during rain events and wash faecal matter into the river.
Appropriately maintaining septic tanks is also important in rural residential areas.
Council and Landcare trust NZ have worked together to produce useful resources for landowners on riparian planting and managing pollutants